For clinicopathologic factors associated with primary resistance to ICB, researchers have proposed and identified several now-characterized mechanisms, including lack of T-cell infiltration [52], elevated levels of baseline serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) [72], increased baseline tumor burden [73], insufficient neoantigens [49], low mutational burden [49], lack of PD-L1 expression [44], and other factors. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and neoplasm.