FGF21 and atherosclerosis: Since FGF21 plays a crucial role in blood pressure regulation via the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, it is possible that the long-term higher expression of FGF21 and potential for higher modulation of blood pressure and arterial stiffness in females contribute to the stronger relationship between FGF21 and may influence vascular function, intima-media thickening, and remodeling as compared to males in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.