CXCL9 and neoplasm: M1 plays a tumoricidal effect through secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines like CXCL9 and CXCL10 and initiating inflammatory response to enhance adaptive immune response at the preliminary oncogenesis stage, while the M2 subtype often releases anti-inflammatory cytokines and contributes to angiogenesis, tumor progression, and immunosuppression at the advanced tumor stage (Tan et al., 2018; Ubil et al., 2018; Xiang et al., 2018).