In addition, 12-deoxyphorbol 13-palmitate in Euphorbia fischeriana Steud inhibited the Vegfr-2 signaling pathway, reduced microvessel density, inhibited VEGF, and blocked the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, thereby resulting in inhibition of MCF-7 breast cancer cell proliferation in mice [19, 20]. Here, VEGFA is linked to breast cancer.