The most differential genes were ICAM1, S100A12, S100A9, S100A8, MNDA, BCL2A1, SELL, PEG10, GPR88, and F2RL1. FPR2, SMAD3, CD53, FCER1G, SMURF2, FPR1, LYN, SOCS3, CD44, and MMP9 were the hub genes in the protein-protein network, which indicated a leading role in predicting the risk of NAFLD. The gene discussed is S100A12; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.