Recently, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) released from injured hepatocytes has been recognized as an endogenous DAMP, which activates the cGAS-STING pathway and promotes hepatic inflammation through release of cytokines in NASH (71), suggesting that cytosolic mtDNA sensed by the cGAS-STING signaling is key to trigger innate immune response in NASH progression. The gene discussed is CGAS; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.