Beneficial effects of MSC therapy in IPF have been suggested to be modulated by MSCs promoting alveolar repair by the secretion of growth factors (55), suppressing inflammation by the production of nitric oxide (NO) and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) (56), promotion of Treg expansion (57), decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, interferon (IFN)-γ and IL-2 by secreting IL-10 and soluble IL-1β receptor (56) and by protecting lung injury by restituting alveolar bioenergetics through mediating mitochondrial transfer (58). This evidence concerns the gene IL10 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.