Other than −α/ −α thalassemia, these relationships achieved statistical significance in only some parity groups: increased cord TNF-RI and sTfR significantly reduced fetal anemia risk in first pregnancies, increased cord sTfR significantly reduced fetal anemia risk in second pregnancies, and increased cord IL-6 significantly increased fetal anemia risk in third pregnancies. The gene discussed is TNFRSF1A; the disease is anemia (phenotype).