In our review, we will focus on key aspects of P2X7 receptor–mediated inflammation and pyroptosis in cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, pulmonary vascular remodeling, and cardiac fibrosis, and the therapeutic value of targeting the P2X7 receptor. The gene discussed is P2RX7; the disease is myocardial infarction.