VEGFD and breast carcinoma: They found that small subclones of breast cancer cells expressing IL11 and vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGFD) synergistically promoted metastasis, among which scRNA-seq of CD45+ cell populations from primary tumors, blood, and lungs showed that IL11 acts on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells and induces pretumorigenic and premetastatic neutrophils to promote the progression of tumor metastasis36.