CXCL8 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: In addition to altered levels of leptin and adiponectin, increased levels of obesity-related adipokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), visfatin and resistin are associated with increased cancer risk [62].