IGF1 and melanoma: Furthermore, NaHS treatment could decrease the protein expression of p-PI3K, p-Akt, and mTOR, while insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), an activator of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, could partly reverse the changes in cellular behaviour caused by NaHS, which suggested that the inhibition of human melanoma cell development by exogenous H2S donors might be correlated with suppression of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway [9].