In the following 40 years, it has been solidly established that systemic autoimmunity beyond SLE, RA, SSc, and SS to include myositis, mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), and undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD) is associated with conspicuous IFN biological activities (Higgs et al., 2011; Ekholm et al., 2016; Barturen et al., 2020). Here, IFNA1 is linked to systemic sclerosis.