From the results, it’s found that most types of immune cells in the microenvironment of PCa were increased with the Gleason grade increase; and both CD8 + T cells [8] and macrophage M1 [9] were significantly increased in all types of immune cells, while the plasma cells [51] were reduced with the Gleason grade increase (Fig. 4b), indicating that plasma cells (B cells) in the microenvironment of PCa played a vital role in anti-PCa immunity. Here, CD8A is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.