NFKB1 and infection: In the current study, we demonstrated that the meningitic infection of astrocytes by E. coli could significantly upregulate miR-155 and miR-146a through NF-κB signaling, which in turn negatively regulated bacteria-triggered pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine production via TLR-mediated NF-κB signaling and the EGFR–NF-κB pathway.