Early district-level surveys conducted in Amhara in 2001 and 2003 demonstrated that trachoma was hyperendemic in 5 pilot districts, with a TF prevalence among children ages 1 to 9 years ranging between 49 and 90 % and TT among individuals ages 15 years and older ranging between 2.0 and 5.4 % [15]. This evidence concerns the gene TF and inclusion conjunctivitis.