FLCN and kidney neoplasm: While depletion of FLCN in certain cell lines impairs mTORC1 activation as determined by decreased phosphorylation of S6K (Petit et al., 2013; Tsun et al., 2013), FLCN loss does not affect or even increases mTORC1 activity in cells or BHD-derived kidney tumors (Baba et al., 2008; Hasumi et al., 2009; Wada et al., 2016; El-Houjeiri et al., 2019; Napolitano et al., 2020).