VIM and cancer: Consistent with the CRISPR/Cas9 knock-out approach [29], ERK5 silencing increased the level of Snail. In contrast, we found no evidence that ERK5 altered the level of various mesenchymal markers, e.g., N-cadherin, vimentin, or expression of MMP2, a member of the MMP family known to potentiate cancer cell dissemination through degrading ECM.