NDUFS1 and neoplasm: Moreover, NDUFS1 mRNA level is significantly associated with lymphatic and vascular invasion (OR = 8.67, p = 0.004), N stage (OR = 5.50, p = 0.019), tumor differentiation (OR = 0.23, p = 0.039), tumor maximum diameter (OR = 4.00, p = 0.042) (Table 1).