Lastly, when the ColoDefense test was further combined with CEA alone or three different combinations of CEA, AFP, and CA19-9, the sensitivities for detecting stage 0+I, II, III, and IV CRC were improved from 35.3%, 48.6%, 64.0%, and 89.7% to 47.1%, 74.3%, 80.0%, and 96.6%, respectively (Table 3), though still not reaching the performance level of regular ColoDefense test. Here, CEACAM5 is linked to colorectal carcinoma.