NFKB1 and diabetic kidney disease: Endothelin-receptor antagonists, such as atrasentan, are potentially new therapeutic options in the management of DKD as they inhibit Janus kinases (JAKs) and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATS) or otherwise known as the JAK/STAT pathway, MAP kinase, Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and other intracellular signalling (Andress et al., 2012; Egido et al., 2017; Kohan & Pollock, 2013).