Reductions in urinary albumin and stabilization of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and TGF-β was seen after the addition of ruboxistaurin to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (ACEi) and/or angiotensin receptor blocker (or antagonist, ARB) therapy in people with T2DM and DKD (Gilbert et al., 2007; Tuttle et al., 2005). This evidence concerns the gene ALB and diabetic kidney disease.