Similarly, compared with those cells expressing control vector, there were dramatically more IFN-α (Supplementary Fig. S6g and i) and IFN-β (Supplementary Fig. S6h and j) production by PARP9 KO BMDC (Supplementary Fig. S6g and h) or BMDM (Supplementary Fig. 6i and j) overexpressing PARP9 after infection by RNA viruses. This evidence concerns the gene IFNB1 and infection.