DI-1548 and DI-1859 are highly potent and effective in inhibition of the neddylation of cullin 3 in cells with different tissue types, such as osteosarcoma U2OS cell line (Fig. 6a), immortalized THLE2 liver cells (Fig. 6b), breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell line (Supplementary Fig. 18), esophageal cancer KYSE70 cell line (Supplementary Fig. 19), and colon cancer HCT116 cell lines (Supplementary Fig. 20). This evidence concerns the gene CUL3 and esophageal cancer.