Compared with the Sham control, there was a 1.62-fold decrease in the number of CD31+/VE-Cadherin+ endothelial cells and about a 2.37-fold increase in the number of CD31+/α-SMA+ cells in the Sham + AGEs group, while compared with the TAC group, there was a 1.94-fold increase in the number of CD31+/VE-Cadherin+ endothelial cells, and about a 2.78-fold decrease in the number of CD31+/α-SMA+ cells in the TAC + RAGE−/− group, but no difference in the TAC + AGEs group. The gene discussed is PECAM1; the disease is persistent truncus arteriosus.