Expression of Ifnb and ISGs, including Oas1a, Isg15, and Mx1, was drastically reduced in BMDMs isolated from Abx-treated mice compared to PBS mice, suggestive of an intrinsic inability to respond to viral infection, but this responsiveness was partially restored by B. coccoides, but not C. butyricum, colonization (Fig. 6A). Here, MX1 is linked to viral infectious disease.