CSF1 and infection: All the CSF1-Fc-treated and PBS-treated mice developed a parasitaemia that was first detectable from around 5 d post-infection, with similar parasite burdens detected at the peak of the first parasitaemia wave (Fig. 2; PBS 6 × 106 parasites/mL; CSF1-Fc, 3 × 106 parasites/mL; P = 0.1984, Student’s t-test, n = 8).