Nevertheless, the results obtained argue for an implication of TP53INP1 in cell defense against PD-related stress in this model: nigral Trp53inp1 expression increases at an early stage of degeneration, possibly due to the neuroinflammation occurring in this model51; consistent with a pro-survival role of this response, TP53INP1 deficiency exacerbates motor deficits and loss of nigral TH neurons. This evidence concerns the gene TP53INP1 and Parkinson disease.