Elevated G‐CSF has been found in the cerebrospinal fluid but not the serum of SLE patients with neuropsychiatric lupus, compared with those without this disease trait44; however, in our human cohort, there was an overall lack of correlation between serum G‐CSF levels and the incidence of lupus as well as the renal disease activity of patients. This evidence concerns the gene CSF3 and systemic lupus erythematosus.