Analysis ofthe literature data showed that polymorphisms of the TP53Arg72Pro (rs1042522) and MDM2 SNP309 (rs2279744) genescause an increased predisposition to tumor development.The TP53 (rs1042522) gene polymorphism is localized onchromosome 17 position 7676154 Genotype frequency in theCaucasian population GG: 0.074, CC: 0.503, CG: 0.423. The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is neoplasm.