BARD1 and breast carcinoma: The association between breast cancer and mutations in the BARD1 gene was first found in a large case-control study of 65,057 women with breast cancer (8), where the prevalence of BARD1 mutations was 0.18%, significantly greater than the controls (OR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.31-3.63, p < 0.05).