It worth noting that, in patients whose AFP levels were less than 200 ng/ml, circSMARCA5 showed satisfying accuracy in distinguishing HCCs from hepatitis (AUC = 0.847, sensitivity: 0.721; specificity: 0.882) and cirrhosis (AUC = 0.706, sensitivity: 0.721; specificity: 0.660) patients, suggesting circSMARCA5 as a putative biomarker for HCCs with low AFP levels (53). This evidence concerns the gene AFP and hepatitis A virus infection.