CASP9 and colorectal carcinoma: In the CRC mouse model induced by azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS), L. casei BL23 can reduce the histological score and proliferation parameters; reduce the level of cytokine IL-22; mediate the immunoregulation; upregulate the expression of caspase-7, caspase-9, and Bik; mediate the antiproliferative effect; and counteract the fecal flora imbalance induced by CRC in mice (Jacouton et al., 2017).