Accumulative evidence has suggested misfolded α-synuclein could be a key component in the pathogenic pathway leading to neurodegeneration and the pathological presence in autopsy results of α-synuclein-containing protein aggregates, also known as glial cytoplasmic inclusion (GCI) bodies, was regarded as the crucial method for a definitive diagnosis of MSA (Trojanowski et al., 2007; Ubhi et al., 2011; Jellinger and Wenning, 2016; Woerman et al., 2018). The gene discussed is SNCA; the disease is multiple system atrophy.