BNP measured on day of life (DOL) 3, as well as at the age of 4 weeks, has been previously shown to be associated with subsequent development of BPD.11,12 Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) belongs, like BNP, to the family of natriuretic peptides and is released from atrial myocytes in response to stretching of the atrial wall.13 Both natriuretic peptides are believed to bind at the same receptor.14 Elevated levels of ANP predict death and serious cardiovascular events in adults.15 However, its role as predictor of respiratory morbidity in preterm infants is largely unknown. The gene discussed is NPPA; the disease is bronchopulmonary dysplasia.