In addition, RSV infection may also lead to the occurrence of encephalopathy and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), which is substantially related to the excessive generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and systemic inflammatory response syndrome.