In animal models with drug-induced intestinal epithelial damage, hesperidin manifested its protective effect by maintaining the intestinal epithelial barrier, most researchers stated the molecular basis for the effects seems to be mediated via decreased inflammatory mediators pathway (Tejada et al., 2018), but it may get involved in the autophagy pathways as well, though proposed in pathogenesis of diabetes via targeting TGF-β signaling presently (Heydarpour et al., 2020). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is diabetes mellitus.