Investigators have demonstrated that patients with AML/MDS treated with hypomethylating agents (HMAs) had dose-dependent upregulation of the surface expression of ICPI receptors and ligands (PD-L1, PD-L2, PD-1, and, to a lesser extent, CTLA-4) [65, 66]. The gene discussed is PDCD1LG2; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.