Based on randomized trials showing superior progression-free survival (PFS), response rate (RR), and more favorable safety profiles when compared with standard first-line platinum-based doublet chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation1–6, EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), including gefitinib, erlotinib, and afatinib, have been established as the standard first-line treatment. Here, EGFR is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.