In case of MYXV, the known cellular pathways that govern MYXV tropism in cancer cells are (i) endogenously activated protein kinase B (PKB)/AKT, (ii) cellular tumor suppressors such as p53, ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM), and retinoblastoma (Rb), (iii) the antiviral pathways activated by protein kinase R (PKR), (iv) antiviral states induced by interferons or TNF, and (v) recently identified members of the cellular DEAD box RNA helicase family (7, –, 11). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is cancer.