However, agonist treatment together with Δrgg3 infection resulted in decreased TNF-α production in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS; TLR4), heat-killed Listeria monocytogenes (HKLM; TLR2), and CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN1826; TLR9). This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and infection.