NFKB1 and colitis: Based on the previous report from our lab [16] and current study, we conclude that cardamonin: (a) is a potent anti-inflammatory agent and has the ability to suppress NF-κB and iNOS signaling; (b) protected the mice from inflammation-associated colitis; (c) modulated the expression of microRNAs; (d) inhibited the proliferation of colorectal cancer cell lines in vitro; and (e) increased the levels of reactive oxygen species and induced apoptosis.