PTEN and ischemia reperfusion injury: A few examples: miR-320 promotes apoptosis by targeting IGF-1 (insulin growth factor 1), a growth factor that inhibits apoptosis by upregulating Bcl-2 levels and downregulating Caspase-3 levels [44]; miR-93 overexpression inhibits cardiomyocyte apoptosis by targeting phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in mice with ischemia/reperfusion injury [45]; inhibition of endogenous miR-153 can block cardiomyocyte apoptosis [46]; knockdown of miR-122, an apoptosis-related miRNA, attenuates myocardial cell apoptosis by upregulating GATA-4 [47].