CTLA4 and neoplasm: As all of these can lead to tumor progression during radiotherapy or chemotherapy and limit the potency of current immunotherapy that targets cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) or PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1)/PD-1 [5], MDSCs are considered promising therapeutic targets and predictive biomarkers of treatment outcomes in patients with solid malignancies, including gynecological cancers [4,6].