Studies have confirmed a link between molecular targets and signaling pathways of resveratrol [i.e., sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), 5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), estrogen receptor α (ERα) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)] and the physiopathology of metabolic syndrome-related disorders [60] that could help to shed light on the mechanisms underlying metabolic syndrome, as well as those involved in establishing long-term metabolic health and potential targets for its improvement. The gene discussed is ESR1; the disease is metabolic syndrome.