After comparing the clinical features of SVaD patients with and without NOTCH3 mutations, we found that those with NOTCH3 mutations were younger (63.27 ± 9.28 years vs 68.64 ± 11.35 years, p = 0.046), presented an earlier onset age (60.05 ± 8.86 years vs 65.28 ± 11.01 years, p = 0.044), and a more frequent family history of cognitive impairment (50.0% vs 10.8%, p < 0.001) than the patients without NOTCH3 mutations (Table 5). Here, NOTCH3 is linked to Cognitive impairment.