Of note, recent analyses in advanced NSCLC patients who received ICIs highlighted that TMB and PD-L1 expression may be uncorrelated, suggesting that they could be independent predictive biomarkers that can each contribute to the identification of patients for immune-based therapy.50, 51, 52 In this scenario, we hypothesized that PD-L1 might not be the sole guiding biomarker in the first-line setting of advanced NSCLC without targetable genetic alterations and inferred that the complementary use of tissue TMB monitoring could be implemented in the clinic to improve patient selection. Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.