Bone metastatic carcinoma has an extensive immunosuppressive microenvironment, and EW often presents with osteomyelitis-like changes (Kyle et al., 2004; Ottaviani and Jaffe, 2009; Grünewald et al., 2018), accompanied by high expression of inflammatory factors such as IL-6 (Macedo et al., 2017). Here, IL6 is linked to osteomyelitis.