Regarding ‘oncogene addiction’ in LCNEC, some cases are reported in ‘pure’ LCNEC (without adenocarcinoma component) metastatic patients carrying driver mutations, including EGFR alterations (21, 22), ALK rearrangements (23), and KRAS mutations (24, 25). The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.