More recently, a study conducted in human colon carcinoma HCT116 cells showed that lithocholic acid (LCA), a secondary bile acid, stimulates IL-8 expression and induces endothelial cell proliferation and tube like formation in the tumour microenvironment, providing the strong evidence for LCA as a tumour promoter in CRC (126). This evidence concerns the gene CXCL8 and neoplasm.