Moreover, among the 50 loci linked to T1D, several are expressed in beta-cells and involved in innate immunity [e.g. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 2 (PTPN2), Tyrosine Kinase 2 (TYK2), Interferon Induced Helicase C Domain 1 (IFIH1) and BTB Domain and CNC Homolog 2 (BACH2)]. Here, BACH2 is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.